Gold has always been a symbol of wealth, beauty, and luxury. When it comes to gold jewelry, 22k gold is one of the most sought-after types due to its purity and shine. But a common question people often ask is: does 22k gold turn black?
In this article, we will dive deep into the factors that cause gold to tarnish, particularly focusing on 22k gold, and whether it can turn black. We will also explore the reasons behind the discoloration, how to prevent it, and how to maintain the luster of your gold jewelry.
What is 22k Gold?
Before addressing the question of whether 22k gold turns black, it’s important to understand what 22k gold is. 22k gold refers to gold that is 22 parts pure gold and 2 parts other metals, making it approximately 91.67% pure gold. The higher the karat, the purer the gold, and thus, 22k gold is considered quite pure.
Gold in its purest form is naturally soft, which is why it is often alloyed with other metals like copper, silver, or zinc. These metals provide strength to the gold, making it more durable for use in jewelry.
Why Does Gold Tarnish?
Gold itself does not tarnish easily because it is a non-reactive metal. This means it doesn’t react with oxygen in the air, which is one of the primary causes of tarnishing for other metals. However, when it comes to 22k gold, tarnishing is still possible, although it’s rare.
Alloy Metals and Tarnishing
The key to understanding why 22k gold can turn black lies in the other metals used in its alloy. While gold itself is resistant to tarnishing, the other metals added to strengthen the piece may not be. For example, copper and silver can react with air, moisture, and sweat, leading to a discoloration or blackening of the gold.
The Role of Sulfur
One of the most common causes of gold tarnishing is the presence of sulfur. Sulfur is found in many environments, including air, water, and even in some cosmetics. When gold jewelry made from 22k gold comes into contact with sulfur, it can form a dark coating on the surface. This coating is typically black or dark brown in color.
Skin Reactions and Tarnishing
In some cases, the acid or oils in a person’s skin can react with the metals in 22k gold. These reactions can result in a dark film forming on the surface of the gold, causing it to appear black or tarnished. This is more common in people who have acidic skin or excessive body oils.
How Does 22k Gold Compare to Other Karats?
22k gold is more prone to tarnishing than higher karat golds, such as 24k gold. Since 24k gold is 99.9% pure gold, it has fewer alloy metals that could cause discoloration. 18k gold, on the other hand, contains more alloyed metals, which could make it more prone to tarnishing than 22k gold, but the lower purity means it has more resistance to tarnishing.
22k Gold vs 24k Gold
As mentioned, 24k gold is almost pure gold, which means it is less likely to tarnish. However, because it is softer than 22k gold, it is more prone to scratches and damage. Many people choose 22k gold because it strikes a balance between purity and durability.
22k Gold vs 18k Gold
18k gold has a lower percentage of gold compared to 22k gold, making it harder and more resistant to tarnishing. However, it may not have the same rich, yellow hue as 22k gold because of the higher alloy content. 18k gold is often used in more durable jewelry pieces like engagement rings, while 22k gold is favored for its superior color and purity.
Can 22k Gold Turn Black?
Now that we’ve discussed some of the factors that lead to tarnishing, the short answer is: yes, 22k gold can turn black. However, this usually occurs due to external factors rather than the gold itself. These factors include:
Exposure to Sulfur: Contact with sulfur-rich substances can cause 22k gold to turn black.
Skin Reactions: The acids or oils on your skin can interact with the metal alloy in 22k gold.
Environmental Factors: Exposure to harsh chemicals, moisture, or pollution can tarnish the gold.
That said, the chances of 22k gold turning black are much lower than other metals like silver, copper, or brass. The gold content is high enough that it retains much of its natural resistance to tarnishing.
How to Prevent 22k Gold from Turning Black?
While it is possible for 22k gold to tarnish, there are several measures you can take to prevent it from turning black:
1. Keep it Clean
Regular cleaning is one of the best ways to maintain the appearance of 22k gold. Use a mild soap solution and a soft cloth to gently clean your jewelry. Avoid harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaning materials, as these can damage the surface of the gold.
2. Store Jewelry Properly
When you’re not wearing your 22k gold jewelry, make sure to store it in a cool, dry place. A jewelry box with a fabric lining can help protect it from dust, moisture, and sulfur. You can also store your jewelry in an airtight container to minimize exposure to the air.
3. Avoid Exposure to Chemicals
Keep your 22k gold jewelry away from household cleaning products, perfumes, lotions, and any other chemical substances that might cause tarnishing. Make sure to remove jewelry before swimming in pools, as chlorine can accelerate tarnishing.
4. Take Off Jewelry When Sleeping or Exercising
Avoid wearing 22k gold jewelry while sleeping or exercising. The sweat and oils from your body can cause a reaction with the metals in the alloy, leading to tarnishing or discoloration.
5. Polish Your Jewelry Regularly
A quick polish with a soft cloth will help remove any oils or grime that may have built up on your 22k gold. Regular polishing can maintain the shine and help prevent tarnishing over time.
How to Restore Tarnished 22k Gold
If your 22k gold jewelry has already turned black or developed tarnish, there are ways to restore its shine:
1. Use a Gold Polishing Cloth
A specialized gold polishing cloth can gently remove tarnish without damaging the gold. These cloths are designed to clean gold and restore its natural luster.
2. Soak in a Cleaning Solution
You can create a cleaning solution by mixing warm water with a few drops of mild dish soap. Soak your 22k gold jewelry in this solution for a few minutes, then gently scrub it with a soft brush to remove tarnish.
3. Visit a Professional Jeweler
If the tarnish is persistent, it might be a good idea to take your jewelry to a professional jeweler. Jewelers can use special techniques like ultrasonic cleaning to restore your 22k gold jewelry to its original shine.
Conclusion
To sum up, 22k gold can turn black under certain conditions, but it is less likely to tarnish compared to other metals. The primary causes of tarnishing are exposure to sulfur, chemicals, or skin reactions. By taking proper care of your 22k gold jewelry, you can ensure that it retains its beauty for years to come.
Remember to clean your jewelry regularly, store it properly, and avoid exposure to harsh chemicals. With these precautions, you can enjoy your gold jewelry without worrying about it turning black. And as for the gold price, it remains a key consideration when buying 22k gold, given its purity and the market demand for high-quality gold jewelry.